1. The state of law and order and military discipline in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

2. Systematization of work on crime prevention.

Further success of reforms in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is impossible without making a breakthrough in solving one of the most important problems-strengthening the rule of law and military discipline. Only in this case will the Armed Forces successfully complete the reform and ensure prompt and high-quality performance of their functions.

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An analysis of the state of law and order and military discipline in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in 1998 shows that, despite the measures taken, there was no change for the better in the observance of the rule of law and the maintenance of statutory order in the troops (forces), only some positive trends were outlined in certain indicators. Thus, the number of deaths of personnel has slightly decreased. The number of crimes motivated by drunkenness and the number of unauthorized abandonments of military units has decreased. The number of crimes against the local population, as well as theft of weapons and ammunition, has decreased.

Military personnel of the army and Navy are part of our society. Their true discipline as a component of human culture is formed by the whole complex of objective reality. It is established that the development of the criminal situation in the country is influenced by about 250 negative social factors. Naturally, the vices of Russian society are reflected in the life of the Armed Forces.

What are the main negative trends in the state of law and order and military discipline?

Loss of personnel. Although in 1998 there was a tendency to reduce the number of deaths of military personnel, however, the requirement of the Minister of Defense to concentrate the efforts of military management bodies and officials aimed at preventing deaths and injuries was not fully implemented. The number of deaths due to safety violations, accidents, intentional and unintentional homicides remained approximately at the same level as last year, while the number of victims of road accidents increased.

There is a low personal example of the commanding staff in compliance with the requirements of law and order and military discipline. The number of crimes committed by officers, warrant officers (midshipmen) and sergeants (petty officers) does not decrease. As a rule, these are abuse of official position, theft of property and money, receiving bribes, and hazing relationships. A significant part of crimes, as a rule, are committed in a state of alcoholic intoxication, which indicates that the fight against drunkenness in the troops (forces) is not conducted at the proper level.

The problem of suicide continues to be acute, although the number of suicides in the army has begun to decline. Most often, suicides are committed while serving in a daily outfit. Their cause among officers and ensigns (midshipmen) is, as a rule, a sharp decline in the standard of living, lack of provision with the required allowances and family and household conflicts that arise on this basis.

The effectiveness of prevention of hazing relationships between military personnel remains low. Manifestations of" non-regulation " are becoming more sophisticated, acquiring new negative connotations. Often, in multinational military collectives, these crimes are committed on the basis of interethnic hostility. Non-commissioned officers and soldiers serving under contract are often involved in crimes involving violence against the individual. Some conscripted military personnel commit non-statutory crimes based on local criminal elements.

Unfortunately, other negative phenomena also permeate the life of the military from the civilian environment. It is not always possible to neutralize them.

The danger of illicit drug trafficking spreading in the armed forces is underestimated. As a result, the number of drug-related crimes is doubling every year.

The severity of offenses is growing.

The threat of infiltration of the Armed Forces by organized crime has become real. Every fifth crime committed in the army is a group crime, and every third crime belongs to the category of serious and especially serious crimes.

The study of practical work in the military shows that the main reasons for the low state of law and order and discipline are:

7. Imperfect management of law enforcement and military discipline.

Not all managers were able to correctly assess the consequences of the escalating crime situation and make preventive management decisions. Many commanders of formations and military units did not achieve the implementation of the existing system of work on the prevention of offenses. In the organization of such work, there is no specific task statement, monitoring of their implementation, and reporting of officials on the results of work is not conducted.

The role of officers and warrant officers (midshipmen) in maintaining organization and statutory order has decreased. Some representatives of this category of military personnel have ceased to be an example in the performance of official duties, they are drunk, violate laws, show arrogance and rudeness towards their subordinates.

2. The content, forms and methods of educational work in the army do not correspond to the actual state of law and order and discipline. When organizing educational work, radical changes taking place in military collectives, recommendations of preventive pedagogy are not sufficiently taken into account, and perseverance in organizing individual work is not shown.

3. Shortcomings in the organization of military service, deterioration of nutrition, medical support and material and living conditions of personnel.

Based on the existing realities, it is advisable to conduct work on maintaining law and order and military discipline in two main areas::

The first is to minimize the impact on the state of law and order and discipline of negative factors associated with the difficult socio-economic and criminal situation in the country, difficulties in reforming the Armed Forces.

Carry out this work in close cooperation with federal legislative and executive authorities, public associations, religious denominations, mass media and law enforcement agencies, focusing on military-patriotic and corporate values. ;

the second is to persistently eliminate the subjective reasons for the low state of law and order and military discipline, as a rule, associated with the imperfection of the style of activity of military command bodies, shortcomings in the work of senior officials.

The main efforts should be focused on preventing the deaths of military personnel, consolidating and developing positive trends in the fight against this phenomenon.

It is necessary to turn the company into a center of practical activities for maintaining law and order and discipline, and to increase the role of the commanding staff, which should become a determining force in ensuring combat order and strengthening military discipline.

This work should be based on the principle of an individual approach to subordinates, providing specific assistance to a specific person.

To achieve a high level of military discipline, it is necessary to skillfully and correctly apply measures of persuasion, coercion and social influence of the collective. It is important to ensure that every serviceman understands that for the offenses committed by him, he will be inevitably punished, including criminal ones. As military experience shows, it is more expedient to carry out such work within the framework of a unified system for the prevention of offenses.

Maintaining law and order and military discipline is ensured by the system of work of military administration bodies and military officials.

The system of work on maintaining law and order and military discipline is the activity of military administration bodies and military officials on the prevention of crimes, incidents and misdemeanors coordinated in time, forces and means, forms and methods.

The system of work on maintaining law and order and military discipline defines:

- who carries out this work and in what areas;

- what activities and with what frequency should be carried out to maintain law and order and military discipline;

- how to conduct these events, what forms and methods to use.

To create a system of work to maintain law and order and military discipline, it is necessary to::

a) establish priority areas of law enforcement and military discipline based on analysis and forecast;

b) determine, based on the organizational and staff structure, the specifics of the tasks being solved, the real state of affairs and practical needs, a set of measures for the prevention of offenses, distributed over time and between structural divisions of military administration bodies, military officials;

c) develop, taking into account the requirements of military charters, orders, directives and other guiding documents, functional responsibilities for maintaining law and order and military discipline for military officials with subordinates, and outline the most effective forms and methods of their implementation.

implementations with a certain frequency;

d) assign tasks for maintaining law and order and military discipline to subordinate military administration bodies and military officials, coordinate their efforts and give the work a well-coordinated, consistently planned character;

e) establish control over the performance of functional duties by military officials, as well as the frequency and forms of accounting and reporting on the results of work carried out.

Due to the fact that each branch of the Armed Forces, district, fleet, branch of the Armed Forces, as well as an association, formation and military unit have their own characteristics, the creation of a system of work to maintain law and order and military discipline should be carried out taking into account: the real state of law and order and military discipline; the nature and specifics of the tasks structure, staffing, and area of deployment;

national composition and relations of military personnel with the local population; the most likely prerequisites for crimes and incidents, short - and medium-term forecasts of the state of law and order and military discipline.

To document the system of work on maintaining law and order and military discipline, the following documents are developed::

order of the commander-in-Chief, commander, commander (chief) on the system of work to maintain law and order and military discipline;

comprehensive plan of work for maintaining law and order and military discipline;

methodological recommendations for the preparation and implementation of preventive measures.

The order on the system of work on maintaining law and order and military discipline is issued for the academic year. It is the main document that establishes the system of work on maintaining law and order and military discipline, establishes the responsibility of military officials for fulfilling the requirements of the system, which are mandatory for execution.

The comprehensive plan of work for maintaining law and order and military discipline specifies the measures, terms and sequence of their implementation by structural divisions of military administration bodies (military officials) to maintain law and order and military discipline.

The need for methodological recommendations for the preparation and implementation of preventive measures is due to the fact that an official can be required to do what and by what time, but if he does not explain how to do it, then the task will not be completed qualitatively. The existence of these recommendations gives a moral right to reject the statements of subordinate officials when exercising control that they did not know how to prepare and conduct this or that action to prevent offenses.

Systematization of work on the prevention of offenses is an urgent need for the practice of strengthening law and order and military discipline. Its persistent implementation is a task of paramount importance for the military administration bodies and all officials.

Colonel Alfik SALIKHOV, Deputy Head of the Department of Social and Psychological Work and Military Discipline of the Main Department of Educational Work of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation

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